Genesis 11: 31 - And Terah took his son Abram and his grandson Lot, the son of Haran, and his daughter-in-law Sarai, his son Abram's wife, and they went out with them from Ur of the Chaldeans to go to the land of Canaan; and they came to Haran and dwelt there. 32 So the days of Terah were two hundred and five years, and Terah died in Haran.
Genesis 12: 1 - Now the LORD had said to Abram: "Get out of your country, From your family And from your father's house, To a land that I will show you. I will make you a great nation; I will bless you And make your name great; And you shall be a blessing. 3 I will bless those who bless you, And I will curse him who curses you; And in you all the families of the earth shall be blessed." 4 So Abram departed as the LORD had spoken to him, and Lot went with him. And Abram was seventy-five years old when he departed from Haran.
There is a common misconception that God called Abram out of Ur of the Chaldees. This is not so. It was Terah, Abram's father, who made the decision to leave Ur of the Chaldees and re-settle with him family in Canaan. God's intervention came only after Terah and his family failed to reached their planned destination, having re-settled in Haran and lived there for an unspecified period of time. Haran is to the north of Canaan. It was not until after Terah died that God called Abram out of Haran "to a land that I will show you".
Joshua 24:2-3 throws light on the reason for Terah's decision to leave Ur of the Chaldees; "our fathers dwelt on the other side of the River Euphrates, Even Terah, the father of Abraham, and the father of Nachor; and they served other gods. And I took your father Abraham from the other side of the flood, and led him throughout all the land of Canaan." A look at a map shows that Iran, Pakistan and India are on the other side of the Euphrates. Ur of the Chaldees should therefore have existed in one of those countries at a location on the other (eastern) side of an area that was hit by a major flood around the time of Abraham (1900 BC). There exists much historical and archaeological evidence of a major tectonic earth movement in Upper Indus valley around 1900 BC. This movement led to the re-routing of the Indus River along a new path, flooding hundreds of towns and villages on the way. In so doing, it turned its former course and many of its upper tributaries which circled the head of the Indus Valley into dry river beds which still exist as such today, and the area became semi-desert.
This would indicate that Abram originated from the north-western parts of India. By correctly identifying Ur of the Chaldees, we will thus be able to verify or discredit this theory. Many bible students believe that Ur of the Chaldees was located somewhere in modern day Iran. This locality is identified on maps as Ur, but the only problem here is that there is no record of that place ever being known by the name 'Chaldees'. To further cloud the issue, there are more than a dozen locations on early maps of the middle east marked as 'Ur' so which one, if any of these, is the right one?
Ur means 'place of' in ancient Hebrew and was used similar to 'ton' was used in England to signify a town, eg. Chesterton, which means town of Chester. It must be noted, however, that Ur is not referred to as 'Ur of Chaldees', meaning 'place of Chaldees', but 'Ur of the Chaldees', meaning 'place of the Chaldees'. Thus, Chaldees appears to be the name of the people who live there and not the name of the place. A priestly caste known as the Kaul-Deva (Holy Kauls), who were part of the Harappan culture, lived in the Upper Indus Valley/Kashmir region of India around 1900 BC, the time of Abraham, but more about them later.
Genesis 25:17-18 says that Ishmael lived close to all his brethren (kin) who lived from Havilah to Shur. Ancient Shur is in Iran to the east of the Euphrates. Havilah, meaning "stretch of sand", is first mentioned in Genesis 2:11 as one of the four streams said to issue forth from Eden: "The name of the first [river] is the Pishon; it is the one that winds around the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold. The gold of the land is of high quality ... " From these Biblical references we can ascertain that Havilah was a sandy stretch of land to the east of Iran around which winds a major river. The Indus Valley is the first stretch of sandy floodplain around a river to the east of the Euphrates. Following its original path, the Indus actually wound right around the Punjab region of the Upper Indus Valley on three sides. A gold bearing touchstone exists in Banawali, a site at the centre of the Harappan culture, which Indian history indicates was so pure, it was used as the standard for testing the purity of gold (such a technique is still used in some parts of India). Josephus identified the Pishon as the Ganges, the sandy valley of which is to the east of the Indus and stretches across the north of India. It does not wind around the country or a region as the Indus did before the c.1900 BC flood, however, as it flows in roughly a straight line from west to east.
The Jewish Encyclodpedia records that ancient traditions identify Havilah as India. The Book of the Cave of Treasures is a sixth century Christian/Jewish sacred history written by a Jacobite. The principal object of the writer of the Cave of Treasures was to trace the descent of Christ back to Adam, and to show that the Christian Dispensation was foreshadowed in the history of the Patriarchs and their successors the kings of Israel and Judah by means of types and symbols. It contains the following statement: "And the children of Havilah appointed to be their king Havîl, who built Havilah, that is, Hend (in sixth century Europe, India was spelt 'Hend')." Today there is a Nagar Havili in India, on the Arabian Sea, some 80 miles north of Bombay. It is close to but not within the Indus Valley and no link with this town and Havilah in the Old Testament has been found.
Genesis 25 mentions some descendants of Abraham's concubine Ketura. They include Ophir. Ancient cities were traditionally named after their pioneer settler or clan patriarch. Ophir was the name of the place from which King Solomon obtained gold; 1 Kings 9:28, 10:11. Cf. Psalms 45:9, Isaiah 13:12. From the context, it is a place either in the Arabian peninsula or beyond it, placing it in Iran or further east. Josephus identifies Ophir with Aurea Chersonesus, belonging to India (Antiquities 8:6:4). The Septuagint translates Ophir as Sophia, which is Coptic for India.
Kaul was not the name of a specific ethnicity but the title of an ancient Brahmanical priestly caste who lived in what are now Afghanistan, Pakistan, and the Indian state of Kashmir. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first Prime Minister after British rule, was born into a famous Kashmiri Brahman family. His family title once was Kaul. According to Wikipedia, Kauls belong to the Saraswat Brahmin class (which forms the apex of the Indian caste order) and trace their descent to Lord Dattatreya, 'the Lord of Yoga'. Some Kauls trace their origin to Maha Kaul which is another name for Lord Shiva.
In his History of the Jews, the Jewish scholar and theologian Flavius Josephus (37 - 100 A.D.), wrote that the Greek philosopher Aristotle had said: "...These Jews are derived from the Indian philosophers; they are named by the Indians Calani." (Book I:22.) Clearchus of Soli wrote, "The Jews descend from the philosophers of India. The philosophers are called in India Calanians".
Megasthenes, who was sent to India by Seleucus Nicator, about three hundred years before Christ, and whose accounts are highly respected among Jewish theologians and historians, says that the Jews "were descended from an Indian tribe or sect called Kalani". (Anacalypsis, by Godfrey Higgins, Vol. I; p. 400.)
In his book Moisés y los Extraterrestres, Mexican author Tomás Doreste states, "Voltaire was of the opinion that Abraham descended from some of the numerous Brahman priests who left India to spread their teachings throughout the world; and in support of his thesis he presented the following elements: the similarity of names and the fact that the Ur of the Kaul-Divas, land of the patriarchs, was near the border of Persia, the road to India, where Brahman had been born. The name of Brahma was highly respected in India, and his influence spread throughout Persia as far as the lands bathed by the rivers Euphrates and Tigris." The Persians adopted Brahma and made him their own, deifying him. Later they would say that their God "arrived from Bactria, a mountainous region situated midway on the road to India. (pp. 46-47.) Bactria (a region of ancient Afghanistan) was the locality of a prototypical Jewish nation called Juhuda or Jaguda, also called Ur-Jaguda."
Several word-meanings can be extracted from "Abram" in Hindi, the language of the Upper Inus valley, each of which points directly to his position as a Diva of the Kauls. Ab = "Father;" Hir or H'r = "Head; Top; Exalted;" Am = "People." Therefore, Abhiram or Abh'ram can mean "Father of the Exalted" or "Exalted father" or "Father or Leader of the People". Brahm or Brahma was the name of a prophet or holy man of the Upper Indus who would become diefied in the Hindu religion. Abraham could be a term used to either identify Abraham as a Brahman religious leader or as the Persians have sugested, Brahma himself. The Roman Catholics give their leader the same name and status - Pope (from the latin: papa), the Holy Father.
Abraham's status in the community as a priestly father is confimed in the Bible. In Genesis 23:4, Abraham asked the Jerusalem Hittites to sell him a burial plot. The Hittites answered, "...thou art a prince among us: in the choice of our sepulchres bury thy dead; none of us shall withhold from thee." (p. 6). If Abraham was revered as a prince (the original Hebrew word implies a religious leader rather than political) by the Hittites (who lived in Persia, modern day Iran, and spoke Indo-Aryan, the same language that was spoken in the Upper Indus Valley), he must have been well known and highly regarded as a religious nobleman, which in the Upper Indus Valley were the Kaul-Divas. Thus it seems accurate for the Bible to say he came from 'The place of the Kaul-Divas'.
History records a major exodus of people from the Upper Indus Valley region after the Indus flood into Iran around 1,900 BC, the exact time that Jews and Biblical scholars date Abraham as leaving Ur of the Chaldees. The classical geographer Strabo tells just how nearly complete the abandonment of Northwestern India was. "Aristobolus says that when he was sent upon a certain mission in India, he saw a country of more than a thousand cities, together with villages, that had been deserted because the Indus had abandoned its proper bed." (Strabo's Geography, XV.I.19.) "The drying up of an Upper Indus tributary known as the Saraisvati around 1900 BCE, which led to a major relocation of the population centered around in the Sindhu and the Sarasvati valleys, could have been the event that caused a migration westward from India."
The word Saraisvati is made up of two words, 'Sarai' and 'svati'. Sarai is a name, svati is a female title of honour like Madam, Lady, or Mrs is used today. Thus, the name means Mother (Lady) Sarai. According to ancient Kashmir history, the river was named after the wife of the leading Brahma, Sarai. Biblical scholars know that Abraham's wife was called Sarai. An interesting aside is that one of the tributaries of the Saraisvati River was the Ghaggar River (the 'g' is silent in Hindu), which, according to The Bible is the name of Sarai's handmaid.
In Hindu mythology, Sarai-Svati is both Brahm's wife and sister. The bible gives two stories of Abraham. In the first version, Abraham told Pharaoh that he was lying when he introduced Sarai as his sister. In the second version, he told the king of Gerar that Sarai was really his sister. However, when the king scolded him for lying, Abraham said that Sarai was in reality both his wife and his sister! "... and yet indeed she is my sister; she is the daughter of my father, but not the daughter of my mother; and she became my wife." (Genesis 20:12.)
In Sankrit, the classical language of India, Ishakhu, which is the modern derivation of Ishaak, means "God's friend"; Ish-Mahal means "God's greatness". Shiva, spelt as 'Ish' in ancient Hindu, is the Hindu name for the formless, timeless and spaceless Supreme God, the Creator, Sustainer and Dissolver. Adi Sankara interprets the name Shiva meaning "One who purifies everyone by the utterance of His name" or "the Pure One". The name Shiva is the Holiest of Holy names.
In his History of the Jews, the Jewish scholar and theologian Flavius Josephus (37 - 100 A.D.), wrote that the Greek philosopher Aristotle had said: "...These Jews are derived from the Indian philosophers; they are named by the Indians Calani." (Book I:22.)
Clearchus of Soli wrote, "The Jews descend from the philosophers of India. The philosophers are called in India Calanians and in Syria Jews. The name of their capital is very difficult to pronounce. It is called 'Jerusalem.'" "Megasthenes, who was sent to India by Seleucus Nicator, about three hundred years before Christ, and whose accounts from new inquiries are every day acquiring additional credit, says that the Jews 'were an Indian tribe or sect called Kalani...'" (Anacalypsis, by Godfrey Higgins, Vol. I; p. 400.)
Martin Haug, Ph.D., wrote in The Sacred Language, Writings, and Religions of the Parsis, "The Magi are said to have called their religion Kesh-î-Ibrahim.They traced their religious books to Abraham, who was believed to have brought them from heaven." (p. 16.)
There are certain striking similarities between the Hindu god Brahma and his consort Saraisvati, and the Jewish Abraham and Sarai, that are more than mere coincidences. Although in all of India there is only one temple dedicated to Brahma, this cult is the third largest Hindu sect. In his book Moisés y los Extraterrestres, Mexican author Tomás Doreste states, Voltaire was of the opinion that Abraham descended from some of the numerous Brahman priests who left India to spread their teachings throughout the world; and in support of his thesis he presented the following elements: the similarity of names and the fact that the city of Ur, land of the patriarchs, was near the border of Persia, the road to India, where that Brahman had been born.
The name of Brahma was highly respected in India, and his influence spread throughout Persia as far as the lands bathed by the rivers Euphrates and Tigris. The Persians adopted Brahma and made him their own. Later they would say that the God arrived from Bactria, a mountainous region situated midway on the road to India. (pp. 46-47.) Bactria (a region of ancient Afghanistan) was the locality of a prototypical Jewish nation called Juhuda or Jaguda, also called Ur-Jaguda. Ur meant "place or town."
The bible was correct in stating that Abraham came from "Ur of the Chaldeans." "Chaldean," more correctly Kaul-Deva (Holy Kauls), was not the name of a specific ethnicity but the title of an ancient Hindu Brahmanical priestly caste who lived in what are now Afghanistan, Pakistan, and the Indian state of Kashmir. "The tribe of Ioud or the Brahmin Abraham, was expelled from or left the Maturea of the kingdom of Oude in India and, settling in Goshen, or the house of the Sun or Heliopolis in Egypt, gave it the name of the place which they had left in India, Maturea." (Anacalypsis; Vol. I, p. 405.) "He was of the religion or sect of Persia, and of Melchizedek."(Vol. I, p. 364.) "The Persians also claim Ibrahim, i.e. Abraham, for their founder, as well as the Jews. Thus we see that according to all ancient history the Persians, the Jews, and the Arabians are descendants of Abraham.(p.85)
"We are told that Terah, the father of Abraham, originally came from an Eastern country called Ur, of the Chaldees or Culdees, to dwell in a district called Mesopotamia. Some time after he had dwelt there, Abraham, or Abram, or Brahma, and his wife Sara or Sarai, or Sara-iswati, left their father's family and came into Canaan. The identity of Abraham and Sara with Brahma and Saraiswati was first pointed out by the Jesuit missionaries" (Anacalypsis; Vol. I; p. 387).
In Hindu mythology, Sarai-Svati is Brahm's sister. The bible gives two stories of Abraham. In this first version, Abraham told Pharaoh that he was lying when he introduced Sarai as his sister. In the second version, he also told the king of Gerar that Sarai was really his sister. However, when the king scolded him for lying, Abraham said that Sarai was in reality both his wife and his sister! "...and yet indeed she is my sister; she is the daughter of my father, but not the daughter of my mother; and she became my wife." (Genesis 20:12.)
But the anomalies don't end here. In India, a tributary of the river Saraisvati is Ghaggar. Another tributary of the same river is Hakra. According to Jewish traditions, Hagar was Sarai's maidservant; the Moslems say she was an Egyptian princess. Notice the similarities of Ghaggar, Hakra and Hagar. The bible also states that Ishmael, son of Hagar, and his descendants lived in India. "...Ishmael breathed his last and died, and was gathered to his kin... They dwelt from Havilah (India), by Shur, which is close to Egypt, all the way to Asshur." (Genesis 25:17-18.) It is an interesting fact that the names of Isaac and Ishmael are derive from Sanskrit: (Hebrew) Ishaak = (Sanskrit) Ishakhu = "Friend of Shiva." (Hebrew) Ishmael = (Sanskrit) Ish-Mahal = "Great Shiva."
We know that a flood drove Abraham out of India. "... Thus saith the Lord God of Israel, your fathers dwelt on the other side of the flood in old time, Even Terah, the father of Abraham, and the father of Nachor; and they served other gods. And I took your father Abraham from the other side of the flood, and led him throughout all the land of Canaan." (Joshua 24:2-3.) Genesis 25 mentions some descendants of his concubine Ketura (Note: The Moslems claim that Ketura is another name of Hagar.): Jokshan; Sheba; Dedan; Epher. Some descendants of Noah were Joktan, Sheba, Dedan, and Ophir.
About 1900 BC, the cult of Brahm was carried to the Middle and Near East by several different Indian groups after a severe rainfall and earthquake tore Northern India apart, even changing the courses of the Indus and Saraisvati rivers. The classical geographer Strabo tells us just how nearly complete the abandonment of Northwestern India was. "Aristobolus says that when he was sent upon a certain mission in India, he saw a country of more than a thousand cities, together with villages, that had been deserted because the Indus had abandoned its proper bed." (Strabo's Geography, XV.I.19.) "The drying up of the Sarasvati around 1900 BCE, which led to a major relocation of the population centered around in the Sindhu and the Sarasvati valleys, could have been the event that caused a migration westward from India.
Indian scholars say, "The Arabian historians contend that Brahma and Abraham, their ancestor, are the same person. The Persians generally called Abraham Ibrahim Zeradust. Cyrus considered the religion of the Jews the same as his own. The Hindoos must have come from Abraham, or the Israelites from Brahma..." (Anacalypsis; Vol. I, p. 396.)
Ram and Abraham were possibly the same person or clan. For example, the syllable "Ab" or "Ap" means "father" in Kashmiri. The prototypical Jews could have called Ram "Ab-Ram" or "Father Ram." It's also conceivable that the word "Brahm" evolved from "Ab-Ram" and not vice-versa. The Kashmiri word for "Divine Mercy," Raham, likewise derives from Ram. Ab-Raham = "Father of Divine Mercy." Rakham = "Divine Mercy" in Hebrew; Ram is also the Hebrew term for "highly placed leader or governor." Indian historian A. D. Pusalker, whose essay "Traditional History From the Earliest Times" appeared in The Vedic Age, said that Ram was alive in 1950 BC, which is about the time that Abraham, the Indo-Hebrews, and the Aryans made the greatest India-to-the-Middle East migration since the Great Flood.
"One of the shrines in the Kaaba was also dedicated to the Hindu Creator God, Brahma, which is why the illiterate prophet of Islam claimed it was dedicated to Abraham. The word "Abraham" is none other than a malpronunciation of the word Brahma. This can be clearly proven if one investigates the root meanings of both words. Abraham is said to be one of the oldest Semitic prophets. His name is supposed to be derived from the two Semitic words 'Ab' meaning 'Father' and 'Raam/Raham' meaning 'of the exalted.' In the book of Genesis, Abraham simply means 'Multitude.' The word Abraham is derived from the Sanskrit word Brahma. The root of Brahma is 'Brah' which means - 'to grow or multiply in number.' In addition Lord Brahma, the Creator God of Hinduism is said to be the Father of all Men and Exalted of all the Gods, for it is from him that all beings were generated. Thus again we come to the meaning 'Exalted Father.' This is a clear pointer that Abraham is none other than the heavenly father Brahma." (Vedic Past of Pre-Islamic Arabia; Part VI; p.2.)
Several word-meanings can be extracted from "Abram," each of which points directly to his exalted position. Ab = "Father;" Hir or H'r = "Head; Top; Exalted;" Am = "People." Therefore, Abhiram or Abh'ram can mean "Father of the Exalted." Here's still another: Ab - î - Ram = "Father of the Merciful." Ab, also meaning "Snake," could indicate that Ab-Ram (Exalted Snake) was a Naga king. All the meanings that can be extracted from the compound word "Abraham" reveal the divine destiny of his followers. Hiram of Tyre, Solomon's close friend, was "Exalted People" or Ahi-Ram (Exalted Snake). In ancient India, the Aryan cult was called "Brahm-Aryan."
The Aryans worshiped multiple gods. Abraham turned away from polytheism. By so doing, he could have become "A-Brahm" (No longer a Brahman.) The Aryans called the Asuras "Ah-Brahm." Therefore, we can logically assume that the fathers of the Indus civilization were probably prototypical Jews. Jerusalem was a Hittite (Indian hereditary leadership caste) city at the time of Abraham's death. In Genesis 23:4, Abraham asked the Jerusalem Hittites to sell him a burial plot. The Hittites answered, "...thou art a prince among us: in the choice of our sepulchres bury thy dead; none of us shall withhold from thee." (p. 6). If Abraham was revered as a prince by the Hittites, he, too, was a highly regarded member of India's hereditary ruling and warrior caste. The bible never did say that Abraham wasn't a Hittite. It just said, "I am a stranger and a sojourner with you." (Genesis 23:4.) As the Hittites said, they recognized Abraham as being even above them. Just as the Hittites were not a unique ethnicity, neither were the Amorites or Amarru. Marruta was the Indian caste name of commoners.
The word "Amorite" (Marut) was the first caste name of the Indian Vaishyas: craftsmen, farmers, cattlemen, traders, etc. G. D. Pande writes in Ancient Geography of Ayodhya, "Maruts represented the Visah. The Maruts are described as forming troops or masses. Rudra, the father of the Maruts, is the lord of cattle." (p. 177.) Malita J. Shendge states: "...the Maruts are the people." (The Civilized Demons; p. 314.) We should not be surprised to find the Khatti (Hittites) and Maruts (Amorites) functioning as the fathers (protectors) and mothers (helpmates or assistants) of Jerusalem. In India, the Hittites were also known as Cedis or Chedis (pronounced Hatti or Khetti). Indian historians classify them as one of the oldest castes of the Yadavas. "The Cedis formed one of the most ancient tribes among the Ksatriyas (the aristocratic class made up of Hittites and Kassites) in early Vedic times. As early as the period of the Rgveda the Cedi kings had acquired great reknown... they are one of the leading powers in northern India in the great epic." (Yadavas Through the Ages, p. 90.)
If what I have said thus far isn't convincing enough, maybe the word "Melchizedek" will be. According to The Bible, Melchizedek was a king of Jerusalem who possessed secret mystical and magical powers. He was also Abraham's teacher. In Kashmiri and Sanskrit, a Sadak was and still is a person with magical, supernatural powers. A certain Zadok (Sadak?) was also a supernaturally-endowed priest who annointed Solomon. In ancient Kashmir history, Melik-Sadaksina, whose name is also recorded as Melikisadak, was a great Indian prince, magician, and spiritual giant - the son of a Kassite king and the most renowned of the Sadaks around the time of Brahm. Why does the Kassite (of royal caste) Melik-Sadaksina, a mythical Indian personage, suddenly appear in Jerusalem as the friend and mentor of Abraham?
Now, back to Abraham. According to Akshoy Kumar Mazumdar in The Hindu History, Brahm was the spiritual leader of the Aryans. Upon seeing how increasing idol worship and religious guesswork were contributing to the further downfall of his people, Brahm backed away from Aryanism and re-embraced the ancient Indian (Yah) philosophy (Cult of the Material Universe).
In regenerating the people, Brahma (Abraham) made the chief sages and seers to marry and mix with the people. Most refused to marry, but 30 agreed." Brahm married his half sister Saraisvati. These sages became known as prajapatis (progenitors). "Northern Afghanistan was called Uttara Kuru and became a great centre of learning. An Indian woman went there to study and received the title of Vak, she being Saraisvati (Lady Sarah). Brahm, her teacher (and half brother), was so impressed by her beauty, education, and powerful intellect, that he married her." (The Hindu History; p. 48, in passim.)
Kashmir history identifies Abraham as a priest, perhaps even the founder, of the Abu-Rahmu (Adam and Eve) cult, and brought his monotheistic religion to West Asia. Though he and Sarai would be deified in various forms back in their native India, they have remained as humans in Judaism. The Star of Kashmir, traditionally worn by brides in Kashmir, is said to have been adopted as the Abu-Rahmu's symbol after Saraisvati wore it during her marriage to Brahma. It is identical to the Star of David and to Jews identifies the presence of God at a wedding.
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